Linux Little Tricks

• data model LLP64 and LP64

搜索引擎小技巧

• cats and dogs Result about cats or dogs
• "cats and dogs" Result about exact term “cats and dogs”
• cats -dogs Fewer dogs in result
• cats +dogs More dogs in result
• cats filetype:pdf PDFs about cats
  • Supported types: pdf, doc(x), xls(x), ppt(x), html
• * 模糊
• .... 范围
• intitle:标题
• inurl:网址
• related:相关类型
• define:word
• etymology:"word,"
• joker site:drive.google.com

Proxy

• Browser: SwitchyOmega
• gfwlist: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/gfwlist/gfwlist/master/gfwlist.txt
• Terminal Proxy

CapsLock -> Ctrl

X11

• xev 展示按下按键的信息
• pacman -S xorg-xmodmap: xmodmap xmodmap -pke xmodmap -pke > ~/.Xmodmap
• 使用 remaps 脚本

Wayland

• dconf write /org/gnome/desktop/input-sources/xkb-options "['caps:ctrl_modifier']"

触控板设置

• xorg 使用 libinput 配置触控板
• dwm 默认触控板无法使用单击, 双击等
• 在 xorg.conf.d 目录下添加 30-touchpad.conf 配置文件, 并添加以下配置
  • 30 表示执行顺序 (10 比 30 先执行)
  • .conf 后缀 arch wiki 说必须加上不可以省略

Section "InputClass"
    Identifier "touchpad"
    Driver "libinput"
    MatchIsTouchpad "on"
    Option "Tapping" "on"
    Option "TappingButtonMap" "lmr"
    Option "NaturalScrolling" "true"
EndSection

多显示器设置

• Xorg Multiple Monitors

X11 默认多显示器是相同输出, xrandr 可以用来查看显示器输出端口的信息, 可以通过两种方式设置

1. xrandr --output DP1 --auto --right-of eDP1 可以设置显示器显示不同的内容
2. 设置配置文件 /etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/40-monitor.conf

Section "Device"
  Identifier "Intel Corporation HD Graphics 630"  # 视频输出的显卡名，可以通过 `lspci -v` 查看
  Option "Monitor-eDP1" "eDP1 screen"
  Option "Monitor-DP1" "DP1 screen"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
  Identifier "DP1 screen"
  Option "RightOf" "eDP1 screen"
EndSection

Section "Monitor"
  Identifier "eDP1 screen"
EndSection

• 设置 Xorg 多显示器显示相同的内容
  • xrandr --output DP1 --auto --same-as eDP1
  • --mode 可以设置分辨率

Archlinux install Latex

• pacman -S texlive-most
  • texlive-most is a package group, includes texlive-core texlive-bin
  • texlive-lang 添加除英文外的其他语言的支持, 不推荐安装
• pdftex '\empty Hello World!\bye' 查看是否安装成功
• texdoc 查看帮助文档的命令

NetworkManager

• nmcli usage
• nmcli setting static ip

设置 grub 主题

1. 复制 grub2 主题到 /boot/grub/themes
2. vim /etc/default/grub 修改 GRUB_THEME=/boot/grub/themes/{theme_name}/theme.txt
3. grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg 重新创建 grub 配置

archlinux using 32位 gcc

首先, 修改 /etc/pacman.conf 文件

[multilib]
Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist

安装 pacamn -S multilib-devel lib32-glibc lib32-gcc-libs

使用 cronie 设置定时任务

• scheduling cron jobs with crontab
• Understanding Crontab in Linux With Examples

tmux 使用 ssh 连接，断开连接后 tmux session 也会关闭的问题

• 默认应该是不会发生这种情况的，但如果发生了看下面的解决办法
• 编辑 /etc/systemd/logind.conf 文件
• 设置 KillExcludeUsers=root MY_USERNAME 和 KillUserProcess=no
• 产生问题的原因应该是 optimus manager 在这个文件中 /usr/lib/systemd/logind.conf.d/*.conf 设置了 KillUserProcess=yes
• tmux server being killed after logging out

使用 laptop 时关闭合盖后依然保持运行

• 编辑 /etc/systemd/logind.conf 文件
• 设置 HandleLidSwitch=ignore 变量重启系统即可
• how to disable auto suspend when i close laptop lid

systemd

• .service 文件位置: /usr/lib/systemd/system/ /usr/lib/systemd/user/ ~/.config/systemd/user/
• how-to-set-up-an-automatic-restart-of-a-background-ssh-tunnel
• tunnelling-with-ssh-different-approaches-and-tips

file permissions

• files
  • Read – Can view or copy file contents
  • Write – Can modify file content
  • Execute – Can run the file (if its executable)
• directories
  • Read – Can list all files and copy the files from directory
  • Write – Can add or delete files into directory (needs execute permission as well)
  • Execute – Can enter the directory

locale problem: not found files

• Arch: See Installation Guide
• Fedora: dnf install langpacks-zh_CN
• Ubuntu:
  • cd /usr/share/locales
  • ./install-language-pack zh_CN.UTF-8
  • dpkg-reconfigure locales

X11 Debug a Window Manager

• use Xephyr :1 to start a new DISPLAY server
• use DISPLAY=:1 {gui_command} to start gui_command in the new server

ubuntu using x11 instead of wayland

• vim /etc/gdm3/custom.conf
• uncomment this line #WaylandEnable=false

ubuntu disable showing icons in desktop

• sudo apt remove gnome-shell-extension-desktop-icons-ng -y
• ref: How disable show folder in desktop ubuntu?

VirtualBox

Arch Linux Install

• pacman -S virtualbox
  • 使用virtualbox-host-modules-arch内核依赖
• 创建虚拟机有问题就重新加载内核执行命令 sudo vboxreload
• Install extpack
  • download the extension manually
  • sudo VBoxManage extpack install <.vbox-extpack>

VirtualBox in windows 11 are so slow

• fix-virtualbox-running-very-slow-in-windows-10-11

< << <<< <()

• input redirections explation

• gnu redirections

• <: The input redirection cat < README.md

• <<: The here document cat > output.txt <<EOF the EOF is an DELIMITER, when stdin recives the DELIMITER, the stdin will close

• <<<: The here string cat <<< "Demo text" input one line of stings to a script or a command.

• <(): redirection command output to another command cat <(echo "Demo text")